До питання про навчальні втрати: термінологічний концепт у сучасному науково-педагогічному дискурсі
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Ключові слова

освітній процес
навчальна (освітня) втрата
навчальна прогалина (розрив)
прогалина (розрив) у досягненнях
прогалина (розрив) у можливостях
незавершене навчання

Як цитувати

Локшина, О. ., Джурило, А. ., Максименко, О. ., & Шпарик, О. . (2023). До питання про навчальні втрати: термінологічний концепт у сучасному науково-педагогічному дискурсі . Український Педагогічний журнал, (2), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.32405/2411-1317-2023-2-6-18

Анотація

Статтю присвячено аналізу сутнісних характеристик реалії втрат у навчанні крізь призму досліджень у вітчизняному та міжнародному наукових просторах. З’ясовано, що повномасштабна війна РФ проти України загострила проблему навчальних втрат учнів, що і так інтенсифікувалася внаслідок пандемії COVID‑19. Проведено аналіз сучасних досліджень з проблематики навчальних втрат українських (Державна служба якості освіти України, Український центр оцінювання якості освіти, центр Cedos, Міжнародний фонд «Відродження») та міжнародних (ЮНЕСКО, ЮНІСЕФ, Світовий банк) організацій. З’ясована, що в англомовному просторі для позначення реалії втрат, що пов’язані з освітнім процесом, переважно використовуєтьсся термін «learning losses», що українською мовою доречніше інтерпретувати як навчальні втрати. Визначено, що під цим поняттям зарубіжні дослідники розуміють зниження рівня знань і навичок учнів. Встановлено два типи навчальних втрат, а саме «забування» (втрата раніше набутого знання під час навчання) та «втрачене» навчання (очікуване навчання, яке не відбулося/ не відбувається з причин неможливості забезпечити очне навчання). Здійснено порівняльний аналіз суміжних з навчальними втратами понять, а саме: навчальна прогалина/розрив, прогалина/розрив у досягненнях, прогалина/розрив у можливостях, незавершене навчання. Зроблено висновок, що в Україні освітні і навчальні втрати є комплексними, і охоплюють окрім типових (сезонних перерв у навчанні в рамках формальної освіти (літні канікули), відсутність на заняттях, неефективне викладання, незаплановане призупинення навчального процесу впродовж тривалого часу через пандемія COVID‑19), втрати, що викликані воєнними діями (руйнування, пошкодження, закриття, переміщення навчальних закладів, відсутність електроенергії та інтернету, недостатність навчально-методичного забезпечення, психологічні травмами). Навчальні втрати притаманні також учням поза межами України, що спричинено недостатнім рівнем володіння мовою країни перебування, і як наслідок – неефективною інтеграцією в навчальний процес. Все вищезазначене вимагає осмислення та пошуків спільного бачення освітніх і навчальних втрат з метою розроблення інструментів їх вимірювання з урахуванням міжнародного бачення та механізмів їх подолання.

https://doi.org/10.32405/2411-1317-2023-2-6-18
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Посилання

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