A PROFESSIONAL PORTRAIT OF THE INSPECTOR OF NATIONAL SCHOOLS IN UKRAINE (ON MATERIALS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PERIODICALS OF THE SECOND HALF OF XIX – THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURIES)

Abstract

In article views of domestic scientists of the identity of the inspector of national schools in the second half of ХІХ – the beginning of the XX centuries are opened. The state documents regulating activity of inspectors in education («The instruction to the district inspectors and other persons sent for audit of gymnasiums, pro-gymnasiums and also along with them the directions of educational institutions of department of the Ministry of national education», 1871 are analysed; «Provision on initial national schools», 1874). Standard requirements to the school inspector are defined (to his personality, to the organizational controlling activity, to the content of supervision and supervision over activity of teachers and educational institutions). The reasons of inefficient inspection are opened: a large number of duties of the inspector, frequent trips, a low wage, prevalence in their activity of police function over the pedagogical. The problems of inspection of educational institutions of the studied period lifted by progressive domestic teachers M. Demkov N. Korf, N. Pirogov, S. Miropolsky, K. Ushinsky, and also authors of publications in periodically pedagogical editions «Russian School», «Bulletin of Education», «Magazine of the Ministry of National Education» are analysed. The author drew a conclusion that the second half of ХІХ – the beginning of the XX Art. is the period of emergence of attempts of structuring essence, the contents and forms of inspection activity, formation of requirements to the inspector of national schools.