THE STATE OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY AGE GROUPS IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: RESULTS OF ASCERTAINING EXPERIMENT

Abstract

Preliminary results of the problem of personal development of a child in the early stages of ontogenesis, which is the topic of research "Education of young children in preschool educational institutions of different types", carried out in the Laboratory of Preschool Education and Upbringing of the Institute of Problems on Education of the NAES of Ukraine (2019-2021). Based on the theoretical analysis of the researched problem, practice of organization of educational process in groups of early age of preschool educational institutions of Ukraine, the necessity of application of a polycriteria approach to clarification of a state of development of children of early age groups in preschool educational institutions is proved. The criterion-diagnostic apparatus and methodological tools were developed, which allowed to study the organization of the educational environment and educational process in groups of early age in preschool educational institutions, the readiness of educators of early age groups to implement a personality-oriented approach to organizing children's activities, development of 3-years old children in the following aspects: motor, communicative, social, artistic and aesthetic.
Preliminary analysis of the data of the ascertaining stage of the pedagogical experiment, quantitative and qualitative results are presented. Thus, the study of the educational environment in early age groups made it possible to establish: the motor space of preschool educational institutions of different types has no fundamental differences; there is a dominance of the educator's position, which minimizes the communicative and personal activity of children; uniformity of methods and forms of interaction of teachers with children, the majority of group forms of the organization of children, actions of children according to the sample and instructions. The study of educators' readiness for innovative pedagogical activity showed the predominance of medium and low levels over sufficient and high ones. According to the criteria and indicators of upbringing / development of young children: cognitive (initial ideas about the means and methods of a particular activity; mastering passive and active vocabulary sufficient for the activity), emotional (interest in a particular activity, desire to act alone or together with an adult, identifying a positive attitude to a particular activity and interaction with others), activity (acting on a sample, adequate use of objects and performing 2-3 actions with them), there were clarified the signs that made it possible to determine the levels of motor, communicative, social, artistic and aesthetic development in young children (primary, secondary, sufficient, high).