ORGANIZATION OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK AT LABORATORY AND PRACTICAL CLASSES IN THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS OF SLOBOZHANSHCHINA IN THE HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL RETROSPECTIVE (THE END OF THE IX-th – THE BEGINNING OF THE ХХ-th CENTURIES)

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of students' independent work activation at laboratory and practical classes; the leading forms and methods of organizing students' independent work at the end of the XIX - beginning of the XX-th century have been clarified: preparation of drugs by each student and keeping a special record of the results of work in journals; laboratory work. The directions of using the acquired experience in modern conditions of implementing a competencybased approach have been outlined.
In the historical and pedagogical aspect of studying this issue, the following methods were used: historical and retrospective, chronological, comparative, purposeful, historical and pedagogical, retroscopic, retroprosymmetric.
The results of the investigation showed that the leading forms and methods of students’ independent research work organization in the studied period of time were explanations and demonstrations of scientific research, experimental research, preparation of drugs, dissection of corpses, registration of the dissections and staging protocols , experimental diagnosis, independent preparation of a collection of drugs, physical devices, independent production of special orders, analysis and independent researches, project development.
The results of the study have been introduced in the educational process of the National University of Pharmacy and can be used while teaching such disciplines as the “History of Pedagogy”, “General Pedagogy”, “Comparative Pedagogy”; when developing special courses and seminars, or creating textbooks and other literature. The results of this work can also be used in the process of preparation of bachelors, masters, course and diploma works.