METHODICAL TRAINING FOR FUTURE TEACHERS OF BIOLOGY IN EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL SPACE

Abstract

The article reveals the peculiarities of the methodical training of future biology teachers in higher educational institutions of European countries. In the conditions of Ukraine’s integration into the European educational space, a thorough study of the Eu ropean experience in the training of biology teachers and the implementation of the best achievements in domestic higher education institutions is necessary. The purpose of the proposed study is to determine the general features of the methodological training of future biology teachers in European countries. The article analyzes the curriculum of biology teacher training at the universities of eleven European countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, France, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland). It has been established that the preparation of a biology teacher in many countries involves the assimilation of 30 ECTS credits for a psycho-pedagogical (didactic) cycle. The basic discipline in methodical preparation is «Didactics of biology». As a result of analysis of educational programs on didactics of biology, the content of lectures and practical classes on discipline is summarized. It is found out that the content of didactics of biology involves studying the content, forms, methods, means and technologies of teaching biology in secondary school, the features of designing and conducting lessons of various types, excursions and extracurricular work. The environmental education of schoolchildren at the lessons of biology and the formation of their healthy lifestyle are obligatory. During training sessions, students analyze programs and textbooks, compose lesson plans, prepare tutorials and multimedia presentations. The disciplines of methodical direction, developed in the leading universities of European countries, are determined. Teaching methodological disciplines is carried out with the help of modern teaching technologies: interactive, project, case-technologies, workshop technology, portfolio technology. The emphasis is placed on the importance of pedagogical practice in the preparation of a biology teacher, formation, public defense and evaluation of a portfolio of pr actice.